Normally, your kidneys absorb blood sugar back into your blood vessels from any liquid that passes through them. With glycosuria, your kidneys may not take enough blood sugar out of your urine before it passes out of your body. This often happens because you have an abnormally high level of glucose in your blood hyperglycemia. Sometimes, glycosuria can develop even if you have normal or low blood sugar levels. Glycosuria is typically caused by an underlying condition that affects your blood sugar level, such as diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes is the most common cause of glycosuria. This can cause blood sugar to be passed out in your urine instead. Any excess blood sugar is passed out through your urine. Glycosuria can also happen if you develop gestational diabetes during pregnancy. This can cause your blood sugar to become abnormally high. Gestational diabetes is preventable, though. Renal glycosuria is a much rarer form of glycosuria.
This condition is often caused by a mutation in a specific gene. In fact, many people experience glycosuria for years and never notice any symptoms. Glycosuria can be diagnosed in a number of ways, but urinalysis is the most common approach.
For this test, your doctor will ask you to urinate on a test strip to be sent off to a lab for testing. The lab technician will be able to determine whether your urine glucose levels suggest glycosuria.
Your doctor may also order blood tests to check your blood sugar. This blood test provides information about your blood sugar levels for the past few months. The latter is called renal glycosuria. The level of blood glucose at which it spills into the urine is called the renal threshold. They are specific and unlikely to give positive results for substances other than glucose.
Glucose oxidase strips have superseded older reagents for reducing substances. Pregnancy is associated with a reduced renal threshold. This results from increased renal blood flow so that the tubules are presented with a greater volume each minute. Glycosuria in pregnancy, however, must not be dismissed, as it may be the first sign of gestational diabetes.
Urine glucose dipstick analysis is not useful in the detection of gestational diabetes because of its low sensitivity and negative predictive value. NB : fasting plasma glucose, random blood glucose, HbA1c, glucose challenge test or urinalysis for glucose should not be used to assess risk of developing GDM.
Inadequate proximal renal tubular resorption of glucose occurs in Fanconi's syndrome. There may be a history of growth failure, rickets, polyuria, polydipsia or dehydration. This may be idiopathic, inherited or acquired. This is also known as benign glycosuria, familial renal glycosuria, primary renal glycosuria and nondiabetic glycosuria.
Renal glycosuria is a rare inherited disorder resulting in glucose excretion in the urine despite normal blood glucose concentrations. It occurs in males and females.
Renal glycosuria is diagnosed based upon laboratory tests that confirm the presence of glucose in the urine in association with normal or low blood glucose levels. It is usually asymptomatic.
In most affected individuals, no treatment is required. When renal glycosuria occurs as an isolated finding with otherwise normal kidney function, the condition is thought to be caused by mutations in the SLC5A2 gene.
Treatment is not typically needed. In most affected individuals, no treatment is required. However, some individuals with renal glycosuria may develop diabetes mellitus. Therefore, appropriate testing should be conducted to rule out diabetes and to regularly monitor those with confirmed renal glycosuria.
References References. Renal glycosuria. Rajendra Bhimma. Renal Glycosuria. Share this content:. Close Copy Link. You May Be Interested In. How to Find a Disease Specialist. Tips for the Undiagnosed.
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