Request OTP. Updated On: Share This Video Whatsapp. Text Solution. Very Important Questions. FAQs on Biomolecules protoplasm. National Education Day: e-learning Transforming Educational Landscape National education day: e-learning transforming educational landscape. By using this site you agree to the use of cookies. This page has been archived and is no longer updated. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate, or ATP, is the principal molecule for storing and transferring energy in cells.
It is often referred to as the energy currency of the cell and can be compared to storing money in a bank. ATP can be used to store energy for future reactions or be withdrawn to pay for reactions when energy is required by the cell. Animals store the energy obtained from the breakdown of food as ATP. Some of these processes occur continually, such as the metabolism of foods, the synthesis of large, biologically important molecules, e.
Other processes occur only at certain times, such as muscle contraction and other cellular movements. Animals obtain their energy by oxidation of foods, plants do so by trapping the sunlight using chlorophyll. However, before the energy can be used, it is first transformed into a form which the organism can handle easily. This special carrier of energy is the molecule adenosine triphosphate , or ATP. The ATP molecule is composed of three components.
At the centre is a sugar molecule, ribose the same sugar that forms the basis of RNA. Attached to one side of this is a base a group consisting of linked rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms ; in this case the base is adenine. The other side of the sugar is attached to a string of phosphate groups. These phosphates are the key to the activity of ATP.
ATP works by losing the endmost phosphate group when instructed to do so by an enzyme.
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